PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.